Internal combustion engine



Nov. 22, 1938. P. MANISCALCO 2,137,455

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE A Original Filed Jan. 11, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 1933- P. MANISCALCO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Original Filed Jan. 11, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 22, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Original application January"1;1, 1937, Serial No. I

Divided and this'application July '14,

1937, Serial No. 153,582

3 Claims.

This invention relates to-a new and'improved internal combustion engine.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide certain improvements in an internal combustion engine which includes precompressingmeans and a channel connectingthe same with the combustion cylinder, such improvements comprising a control valve provided in said channel and operating means connecting said valve with the throttle valve on the'carburetor, for synchronizing said valves to operate them in unison.

Another object of this invention is to provide a valve in the chamber which contains the precompressed fuel mixture prior to its entry to the combustion cylinder,-also means whereby said valve is connected with the throttle valve on the carburetor, to be operated in unisontherewith.

These and various other objects and advantages are attained WlththiS invention, as will become apparent from'the following "description, taken in connection withthe accompanying drawings in which the-invention isshown in'its pre- 'ferred form of construction, it being understood that various other arrangements andforms may be resorted to for' carrying'out the objects and purposes of this invention.

In the drawings: :Fig. 1 is a side elevational'view of my invention in itsJpreferred form of construction, parts 30 \being broken away.

Fig. 2 is an end elevational viewthereofg partly 'insection, taken on line 2-2 "of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a topplan view thereof.

This is a division of my prior application for patent for Combination gasolene and oil engine, Serial Number 120,021, filed Jan. 11, 1937.

In the drawings this inventionisillustratedin its preferred form of construction, embodiedin an internal combustion engine which is adapted to 40 utilize as its fuel, 'gasolene and also different ypes and grades of oil. This construction illustrated comprises a'combustion cylinder Il containing a piston l2 thereinjand a supercharging -or1precompressing cylinder I3 containing a-piston M therein, and whereby the fuel mixture -is compressed an'd preheated. A chamber I5 0peratively connects the 'two cylinders and is adapted'to store and to conveya required amount of precompressed fuel mixture from cylinder l3 to cylinder H, at proper temperature and pressure to provide a full 'power stroke of piston l2. Cooling jackets 16 are 'provided'around the cylinders and communicate with a cooling jacket l1 provided around chamber i5, while a hot waterreturn'pipe lilconducts the hot water from "said jackettoa suitable'radiator, an inlet for the water to the I cooling jacket being similarly provided.

Acarburetor 20 has a neck '2! connected with :the intake end 22 of the intake manifold 22, 1 and has an air intake and'filter member 23 connectedto it by a conduit. A control valve 25 is provided in neck 2i 'and is operated bye, crank lever 26 mounted "on'the valve stem and by an operatingrod 21 extending fromthe lever. From T0 said manifold 22 thepre-mixed fuel charge passes thru the branch conduits28into the entrance chambers 29 providedat the upper ends'ofthe several cylinders I3. A valve element '30 "closes the valve seat on each cylinder 13 and descends ie to admit the fuel mixture from the chamber 29 i into i the cylinder.

The means provided 'for operating these valves includes a spring 3| on the outer end of each valve stem 32 adapted to urge the valve 3|] to-its 20 'closed position, when the down stroke of piston I 4 is completed. For closing these valves a rocker arm "33 is pivoted on a bracket 34 onthe cylinder housing, and a rockershaft 35 bears against the end 33' of arm 33 to depress stem 32 and open J25 valve'3ll. Shaft '35 extends into the crankcase '36 and is actuated by a cam 31 'on a cam shaft 38 which is driven thru an attached gear :39 (see Fig. 3) actuated by a gear 40 mountedon one end of a crank shaft 4| 42 on its other end.

A valve 43 on 'astem 44 is urged bya spring 45 to the closed position on its valve seat, thereby closing communication betweencylinder I3 and chamber 15. Valve .43 is thereby held closed during the main upward stroke of piston 14, so that the mixture in cylinder I3 will be properly compressed, and the valve will open When'the properpressure of the mixture is reached. The preheated and precompressed fuel mixture then enters chamber l5, and at the end of theupward stroke of piston l4 thevalve is closed byspring 45,'andthe, mixture is confined in chamber 15.

A valve 46 closes the valve opening provided at the upper end of cylinder ll, toclosecom- 'munication between said cylinder and chamber '15. Said valve 46 is held closed by ajspring 41 on a stem 48, until the stem is actuated by an opening mechanism which includes the cam 49 on a camshaft'Bfl, adapted to actuate a stem 5| 50 adjustably connected to a rod 52 of which the upper end actuates a lever 53 pivoted at 54 on a bracket 55 provided on the cylinder casing. The free end of lever 53 bears on valve stem 48 to open Valvelfi against'theaction of spring 41, at P55 was which carries the'flywheel the proper time for the admission of the fuel mixture to combustion cylinder ll, thru the operation of rod 52, cam 49, shaft and a gear '51 thereon, driven by means of a gear' 56 on crank shaft 4!.

An exhaust port 59 is provided in the peripheral wall of cylinder H, and communicates thru a branch conduit 60 with exhaust manifold 6|. This port 59 and the operating mechanism for valve 48 are arranged and timed so that the valve starts opening before exhaust port 59 is fully uncovered, thereby assisting the piston in clearing dead gases from said cylinder ll. When port 59 is closed by piston 12 during its upward stroke, then combustion cylinder II will be filled with a clean fuel mixture fed from chamber l5; whereupon lever 53 raises from stem 48 and spring 41 closes valve 46. ward stroke and the compressed mixture is fired by the action of a sparkplug 82 mounted in the upper end of the cylinder, piston l4 being forced downward until it clears exhaust port 59 and the burnt gas is ejected into exhaust manifold 6l'.

A piston rod 64 is pivoted to piston I2 and to a crank 65 on crank shaft 4|, and a piston rod 66 is'pivoted to piston 14 and to an arm 61 offset laterally from rod 64, thereby providing a definite advance of stroke of the supercharging piston l4 relative to themain piston 12.

-A'safety valve is preferably also provided for chamber I5. This comprises a bypass 68, provided in the top part of cylinder 13, connecting chamber l5 with chamber 29, said bypass being closed by a valve 69 urged by a spring 10. The

tension of this spring and the action of this valve are adjustable, by operating an adjusting nut 11, so that the valve will open to pass fuel mixturefrom chamberl5 back to chamber 29 when the pressure in'chamber l5 becomes excessive. I

As more fully disclosed and claimed in the above identified parent case, the means provided for utilizing the hot exhaust gases for preheating the heavy fuels or oils includes fuel conducting means mounted in the exhaust manifold 8|, the fuels being supplied thereto by plpes'13 and 14; 'while from said conducting means the fuel is conveyed thru a'conduit 15 to a T-connection 16 which is threaded on the float chamber 11, a supply. pipe 18 being attached to said T-connection for supplying gasolene directly therethru to the float chamber. Said float chamber 11 is connected to and is preferably madeintegral with the carburetor 20, by means of a neck 19 having a fuel supply channel 18 extending therethru.

A cooling jacket 8| is mounted around the carburetor and float chamber, having its upper end connected thru an inlet tube 83 with the hot waterreturn pipe l8 of the engine, and thru an outlet tube 84 with the water jacket of the engine. The water from the engine jacket will thus circulate thru this jacket 8| and serve to maintain the temperature of the fuel fairly constant.

A control valve 85 is provided in each storage chamber l5'for definitely controlling the flow of fuel therethru to 'the combustion cylinder II; and means is further provided for synchronizing the several control valves 85 of the several combustlon cylinders II with the control valve 25 on the carburetor. This means preferably includes a rocker shaft 88 mounted on brackets 81 on the engine and having an arm 86' connected to a link ,88 which is pivoted to a crank arm 89 provided on crank lever 26 of; the carburetor control valve Piston 12 then completes its up- 25. Links 9| are connected to arms 92 provided on said shaft 88 and to arms 93 extending from the stems of the several control valves 85. Thus, upon operating the rod 21 of the throttle valve 25, the several control valves 85 will be operated in unison along with the throttle valve.

The usual choke valve 94 is provided in the air inlet channel 24 on the carburetor, being operated in the usual manner, by a rod 95 extending from the arm 96 on said valve.

I claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of combustion cylinders and a supercharging cylinder for each, a charge storing and conveying chamber connecting a combustion cylinder with its supercharging cylinder, a rotary valve in each chamber for controlling the flow of fuel mixture there'thru to the combustion cylinder, a carburetor and an intake manifold connecting it with the several supercharging cylinders, a valve on the carburetor provided with means for manually operating it to control the flow of fuel mixture therefrom to the intake manifold, a rocker shaft on the engine and also arm and link means operatively connecting it with the several chamber valves, and means connecting said rocker shaft with the carburetor valve and its operating means, whereby to synchronize said valves and control manually in unison the flow of fuel mixture to the several supercharging cylinders and also therefrom to the combustion cylinders.

2. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of combustion cylinders and a supercharging cylinder for each, a charge conveying chamber connecting a combustion cylinder with its supercharging cylinder, a spring-held valve between a chamber and its supercharging cylinder and a tappet valve between the chamber and its combustion cylinder, a carburetor and an intake manifold thereon and channel means connecting the latter with the several supercharging cylinders, a tappet valve between each channel and its cylinder, cam means operatively connected for operating the two sets of tappet valves, a manually operated rotary valve on the carburetor and a rotary valve in each chamber, and means connected with said several rotary chamber valves and with said rotary carburetor valve, whereby to operate manually all of said rotary valves in unison.

3. In an internal combustion engine, a plurality of combustion cylinders and a supercharging cylinder for each, a charge conveying chamber connecting a combustion cylinder with its supercharging cylinder, a control valve in each chamber, a spring-held valve leading from each supercharging cylinder into its chamber, a tappet valve leading from each chamber into its combustion cylinder, a carburetor having a manually operated throttle valve and being adapted to utilize gasolene and oil for fuel and provided with a pair of supply pipes therefor, an intake manifold on the carburetor and provided with channels leading to the several supercharging cylinders, a tappet valve leading from each channel into its supercharging cylinder, two sets of cams and cam shaft means for operating the two sets of tappet valves, cooperating gear means for actuating said cams and thereby said tappet valves, and rod and link means connected with said control valves and with said throttle valve,

PIETRO MANISCALCQ. 

